根據(jù)現(xiàn)有文獻(xiàn)，央行對(duì)于氣候風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可能采取的應(yīng)對(duì)措施主要在以下四個(gè)方面：

1、將與氣候有關(guān)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)納入金融穩(wěn)定監(jiān)測(cè)和宏觀審慎監(jiān)督。與氣候變化有關(guān)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有可能成為一種系統(tǒng)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，特別是在市場(chǎng)沒(méi)有對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行正確定價(jià)的時(shí)候。未來(lái)應(yīng)監(jiān)測(cè)和分析氣候變化及其他沖擊可能對(duì)貨幣政策傳導(dǎo)效率、經(jīng)濟(jì)周期、各銀行和金融穩(wěn)健程度的影響（NGFS, 2019；Giuzio, et al., 2019）。

2、將可持續(xù)性因素納入自有資產(chǎn)的投資組合管理。比如，將環(huán)境、社會(huì)和治理（ESG）納入央行自有資金和養(yǎng)老金投資組合的考量因素（NGFS, 2019）。

3、共享數(shù)據(jù)，彌補(bǔ)數(shù)據(jù)差距。應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)企業(yè)的信息披露，公開透明的信息將有助于氣候變化中的價(jià)格平穩(wěn)（NGFS, 2019; Carney, 2015）。

4、提高管理能力，鼓勵(lì)技術(shù)援助和知識(shí)共享。提高央行自身的監(jiān)管能力，并與更多利益相關(guān)方合作，提高他們對(duì)于氣候風(fēng)險(xiǎn)如何轉(zhuǎn)化為金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的了解。同時(shí)，鼓勵(lì)有關(guān)各方為提高對(duì)新興和發(fā)展中經(jīng)濟(jì)體的認(rèn)識(shí)和管理能力提供技術(shù)援助（NGFS, 2019）。 

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